In addition to solar power plants and distributed rooftop photovoltaics in traditional thinking, photovoltaics can also be applied to a variety of scenarios, such as construction, agriculture, fishery, public facilities, and landscape construction. On the one hand, these composite and cross-border models enable photovoltaic construction projects to take into account economic development and ecological protection while generating clean power; Land Resources. 
In Zhongba County, China, all the heating in this county is provided by solar energy. The black part on the left side of the picture is the solar collector (Solar collector), with an area of ​​35,000 square meters, just like the water heaters we usually use, which can turn solar energy into heat. After it collects heat, it is stored in the colored jar in the picture. This jar can generate heat 24 hours a day, supplying heating to the county town. It's 100 percent solar and completely zero carbon. 
"Photovoltaic + Land Ecological Restoration"
According to the statistics of the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, the area of ​​super-arid and arid land in the world is about 25,500 square kilometers, accounting for 17.2% of the global land surface. Moreover, the area of ​​the desert continues to expand every year. Land Degradation Neutrality (LDN) and ecological restoration of degraded land have always been important issues facing the earth. Although the desertified land needs to be restored, it also provides a large amount of land resources. Therefore, the combination of desertified land ecological restoration and photovoltaic construction will bring multiple benefits. Solar panels on the desert can not only provide electricity, but also reduce the solar radiation and water evaporation received by the ground. The water sprayed when cleaning the panels increases the water content of the soil surface and promotes the growth and recovery of vegetation. Solar power plants in deserts can promote soil carbon fixation, plant colonization, increase biodiversity and restore soil activity, which in turn is beneficial to water storage and soil conservation, wind resistance and sand fixation, climate regulation, and improvement of the ecological environment. For land owners, after a 25-year photovoltaic power plant operation cycle, they will obtain high-quality land with higher vegetation coverage, healthier soil, and higher land productivity, as well as land lease income during use. 
At present, Pakistan, Egypt and other countries, China's Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Qinghai, Ningxia and other places have such "photovoltaic + land ecological restoration" projects. Taking the ecological restoration project in Qinghai Gonghe Basin as an example, this 850 MW project covers an area of ​​54 square kilometers. After the construction of photovoltaic power stations, the vegetation coverage of the land under and between photovoltaic panels has been significantly improved, and the vegetation coverage has increased by 15%. Vegetation coverage in pump-irrigated areas has also increased significantly. At 10 cm, 20 cm, and 40 cm below the photovoltaic panel, the soil moisture content increased by 78%, 43%, and 40%, respectively. In summer, the soil organic matter content increased by 11.6 times compared with the previous year, the nitrogen content increased by 11.3 times compared with the previous year, and soil microorganisms increased, thereby improving land productivity. Photovoltaic power generation has reduced about 1.2 million tons of carbon emissions, and vegetation and soil organic carbon have also formed a certain degree of carbon deposition. The power station area has a significant adjustment effect on the local climate: the wind speed in the photovoltaic park is 40.3% lower than that outside the park; the relative air humidity is 2.8% higher than outside the park. It also regulates soil temperature. 
"Photovoltaic + Building"
The largest energy consumer in Europe is the building sector, which consumes about 40% of energy and emits about 36% of greenhouse gases. At present, almost 75% of the buildings in the EU are low-energy-efficient buildings. If the energy transformation of existing buildings can save a lot of energy, it is expected to reduce the total energy consumption of the EU by 5% to 6%, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 5%. Europe is currently promoting BIPV projects on a large scale. Combining photovoltaic construction with buildings can reduce the consumption of land resources. European countries will first estimate the available building area when carrying out the construction of "photovoltaic + building" projects in order to maximize the use of the building area. Judging from the results of the large-scale deployment of photovoltaics in the Paris metropolitan area, solar panels will increase the demand for household heating in winter by 3% due to covering the roof, but in summer, this covering can reduce air conditioning energy consumption by 12%
Liechtenstein is a very typical country that benefits from building photovoltaics. This country is located between Switzerland and Austria, with an area of ​​only 160.5 square kilometers and only 38,244 people. Liechtenstein is small and sparsely populated, with high per capita energy consumption, high per capita electricity consumption, and low energy self-sufficiency rate, but it is the first country in the world that is allowed to be called an "energy power". From the perspective of per capita photovoltaics, Liechtenstein surpassed Germany, which ranked first (per capita installed capacity of 473 watts), in 2015, and was awarded the title of "Per Capita Photovoltaic Champion" by the Solar Super State Association with a per capita installed capacity of 532 watts. It is worth noting that all photovoltaic projects in this country are in buildings. Under the conditions of light resources in Liechtenstein, a modern photovoltaic system with an area of ​​40 to 50 square meters can roughly meet the electricity consumption of a family of four, and can continue to generate electricity for about 25 years, helping Liechtenstein residents to achieve self-sufficiency in electricity consumption, and can supply electricity to industry Provide some electricity. On May 10, 2020, Liechtenstein's domestic power generation capacity exceeded the country's electricity consumption load. This is the first time in the country's history that it does not need any external energy sources and completely self-sufficiently completes the entire country's power operation. Although this is an accidental event in a special period, it also shows the possibility of the country relying on building photovoltaics to achieve energy independence. At present, the country's public energy plan is to achieve 2.2 kilowatts of photovoltaic per capita in 2030, and at least 4.5 kilowatts in 2050. These photovoltaics are still all planned for buildings, and the position of building photovoltaics in the country has been further consolidated.